原帖由 chliu 于 2006-11-19 01:45 发表
徐志摩《再别康桥》试释
廖钟庆
假如徐志摩在这首《再别康桥》中的“金柳”是代表死亡的话,那么,夕阳中的新娘就是一个垂死的新娘,而“云彩”也就代表死亡,一如华兹华斯的露西一样 ceased to be!1928年3月林徽因在加拿大温哥华与梁思成结婚,对徐志摩言,他心中的林徽因已经彻底死亡,并且在他的内心中,她已演变成了永恒的林徽因,她的美丽也是永恒的,因为那种美是来自自然的,正如华兹华斯“露西组诗”中的露西一样。并且,已经没有人能把她抢走,因为她永恒地停驻在剑桥西天的天空上!她来自自然,最后又回到如诗一般美丽的剑桥的自然中。假如是这样的话,那么,《再别康桥》就是一首悼亡的抒情诗,也就是说,它是哀悼爱情的死亡与埋葬的挽歌,也许叫做Elegy更恰当。它的基调仍是凄美的、悲伤的,一如华兹华斯的“露西组诗”!
华兹华斯的“露茜组诗”一共是五首,一般的“不朽的英诗诗选”(英文本)都会把这五首诗选上。
William Wordsworth. 1770–1850
515. Lucy
i
STRANGE fits of passion have I known:
And I will dare to tell,
But in the lover's ear alone,
What once to me befell.
When she I loved look'd every day 5
Fresh as a rose in June,
I to her cottage bent my way,
Beneath an evening moon.
Upon the moon I fix'd my eye,
All over the wide lea; 10
With quickening pace my horse drew nigh
Those paths so dear to me.
And now we reach'd the orchard-plot;
And, as we climb'd the hill,
The sinking moon to Lucy's cot 15
Came near and nearer still.
In one of those sweet dreams I slept,
Kind Nature's gentlest boon!
And all the while my eyes I kept
On the descending moon. 20
My horse moved on; hoof after hoof
He raised, and never stopp'd:
When down behind the cottage roof,
At once, the bright moon dropp'd.
What fond and wayward thoughts will slide 25
Into a lover's head!
'O mercy!' to myself I cried,
'If Lucy should be dead!'
William Wordsworth. 1770–1850
516. Lucy
ii
SHE dwelt among the untrodden ways
Beside the springs of Dove,
A Maid whom there were none to praise
And very few to love:
A violet by a mossy stone 5
Half hidden from the eye!
Fair as a star, when only one
Is shining in the sky.
She lived unknown, and few could know
When Lucy ceased to be; 10
But she is in her grave, and oh,
The difference to me!
William Wordsworth. 1770–1850
517. Lucy
iii
I TRAVELL'D among unknown men,
In lands beyond the sea;
Nor, England! did I know till then
What love I bore to thee.
'Tis past, that melancholy dream! 5
Nor will I quit thy shore
A second time; for still I seem
To love thee more and more.
Among thy mountains did I feel
The joy of my desire; 10
And she I cherish'd turn'd her wheel
Beside an English fire.
Thy mornings showed, thy nights conceal'd,
The bowers where Lucy played;
And thine too is the last green field 15
That Lucy's eyes survey'd.
William Wordsworth. 1770–1850
518. Lucy
iv
THREE years she grew in sun and shower;
Then Nature said, 'A lovelier flower
On earth was never sown;
This child I to myself will take;
She shall be mine, and I will make 5
A lady of my own.
"Myself will to my darling be
Both law and impulse: and with me
The girl, in rock and plain,
In earth and heaven, in glade and bower, 10
Shall feel an overseeing power
To kindle or restrain.
'She shall be sportive as the fawn
That wild with glee across the lawn
Or up the mountain springs; 15
And hers shall be the breathing balm,
And hers the silence and the calm
Of mute insensate things.
'The floating clouds their state shall lend
To her; for her the willow bend; 20
Nor shall she fail to see
Even in the motions of the storm
Grace that shall mould the maiden's form
By silent sympathy.
'The stars of midnight shall be dear 25
To her; and she shall lean her ear
In many a secret place
Where rivulets dance their wayward round,
And beauty born of murmuring sound
Shall pass into her face. 30
'And vital feelings of delight
Shall rear her form to stately height,
Her virgin bosom swell;
Such thoughts to Lucy I will give
While she and I together live 35
Here in this happy dell.'
Thus Nature spake—The work was done—
How soon my Lucy's race was run!
She died, and left to me
This heath, this calm, and quiet scene; 40
The memory of what has been,
And never more will be.
William Wordsworth. 1770–1850
519. Lucy
v
A SLUMBER did my spirit seal;
I had no human fears:
She seem'd a thing that could not feel
The touch of earthly years.
No motion has she now, no force; 5
She neither hears nor sees;
Roll'd round in earth's diurnal course,
With rocks, and stones, and trees. |